To the best of our knowledge, this topological photonic switch is the smallest switch of any dielectric or semiconductor 1 × 2/2 × 2 broadband optical switches, including thermo-optic and electro-optic switches. A switching power of 18.2 mW is needed with an ultracompact device footprint of 25.66 × 28.3 μm in the wavelength range of 1530–1582 nm. By leveraging the high-efficiency phase-shifting properties and the sharp-turn features of the topological waveguide, we demonstrate an ultracompact 1 × 2 thermo-optic topological switch (TOTS) operating at telecommunication wavelengths.
In experiments, we show a 1.57-fold improvement in π-phase tuning efficiency. Benefiting from the phase vortex formed by the VPC structure, the optical path of the topological edge mode in the propagation direction is approximately two-fold that of the conventional optical mode in a strip waveguide. Here, we study the phase-shifting theory of topological edge modes based on a VPC structure. However, research on integrated tuneable topological devices is still lacking. Topologically protected edge states based on valley photonic crystals (VPCs) have been widely studied, from theoretical verification to technical applications.
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